Reinforced concrete.



- PATENT-ED AUG. 7, 1906.

A. Tao-MAS. REINFORCED CONCRETE.

APPLICATION FILE-111330.19, 1904.,

-2 SHEETS-SEEETL 1. V VE/V TOR ,WITNESSES Nor 827,892.

PATENTED wag-'7, 1906. I A. THOMAS. REINFORCED CONCRETE. APPLICATION FILED DEG-.19, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2'? I :1 I: fix/L:

JNVENTOR WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AVIDA THOMAS, or DETROIT, M.IGHIGAN,"ASS1GNOR or ONE-HALF TO EUGENE F. eLooK, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

-REINFORCED CONCRETE.

Patented Aug. 7, 1906,

To alZ whom it may concern:

- th e same column.

Be it knownthat I, AVILA THOMAS, a sub ject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement 1n Reinforced Concrete; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it ertains to make and use the same, reference ein had. to the accompanying drawings, whic form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to reinforced concrete.

It has for its object an improved tie-bar and connected adjustable bonding device to be used generally in concrete structures.

In the drawings, Fi ure 1 is a perspective showin the movable onding device. Fig.

Fan view of a slitted blank from Wl'llOh the bonding device of Fig. 1 is formed. Fig. 3 shows a beam-and-floor construct on in which the tie-bar and adjustable bonding device of Fig. 1 is employed. Fig. 4 is a crosssection of a vertical-column struct re. Fig. 5 is a vertical section from corner to corner of Fig. 6 shows the tie-bar andbond applied to wall construction and employed to tie together the tileemployed to construct the wall. Fig. 7, shows the tie applied in the construction of a fine or a chimney. Fig. 8 shows a blank for a bond.- iron in which the spreading members are all arranged at one end of the body or eye part.

The bonding device consists ofa piece of metal 1 split by longitudinal slits into a number of parts which project from a body or eye part 2. The body part'is cutby short slits 3 and 4 intoth'ree portions. The middle por- -tion 5 is bent to a semicircle in one direction,

and the side portions 6 and 7 are bent with a semicircular curve in the other direction, forming an opening bounded by inclosing sides or parti-circumferential zones through which a rod or bar 8 may engage. The several arms 9 10 11 12 are spread'in whatever direction may be desirable for the'work with which the bond is to be'subsequently used.

In use these. bond-irons are strung on a rod and are spaced along the rod in accordance with the requirements of the particular work. Where extraordinary strength is required, they a e placed close totgeth er. Where great strength 18 i iotrequire they may be placed at a greater. distance apart. IThe arms 9 and and 11 and 12 are preferably given a quarter-twist or a partial twist and are bent to-angle with the axis of the rod upon which the bonds are to be strung in order that the shearing stress of the strengthened structure may come as nearly as possible at a right angle to the general direction of these arms. For example, the shearing stress of the beam 15, (shown in Fig. 3) maybe supposed to be along the line 18 19 on the one side of the middle point of the beam and on the other side of the middle point of the beam on the lines 16 17, and theiarms 9 and 10 and 11 and 12 are arranged to lie across and as nearly as practicable perpendicular to the line of this stress. I

On the one'side-of the center in the construction of a beam similar to the beam (shown in Fig. 3) only one full double-ended bond-iron need be used at the middle point and half bond-irons at each side. In the construction of the floor 20 above the beam 15 tie-rods 21, with bond-irons 22 strung strung on rods which extend lengthwise the column, and the spreading parts of the bondirons are bent inward toward the center of the column and spread upward and downward. For a rectangular column, such as that shown in Fig. 4, the four tie-rods 31, 32, 33, and 34 are assembled at the corners ofa square and inside the mold in which the columnis to be constructed. The bond-irons are pro erly strungalongthe tie-rods, and the mo d is thereafter filled with the plastic concrete, which hardens and produces a reinforced columnof great strength.

In wall construction, such as is indicated in Fig. 6, the building-tiles 410 and 420 are made with the bond-irons 430 and 440 insorted in the tile, with the ends 91 and 92 projecting from that face of the tile'whichis to lie toward the interior of the wall.- ably the tile is made with ribs 81 and 82, that engage against corresponding ribs 83 and 84 of the opposing tile, and the inward-projecting ends of the bond-irons project betweenthe ribs 81 and 82, so that in the assembled 7 structure there is formed a flue across which the inward-projecting ends of the bond-irons Prefersuch as is shown in 1* extend. The body part or stringing part of the bond-iron lies external to the body of the tile, but on that side of it which is to lie toward the interior of the wall, and the tile are assembled and the tie-rods 71 and 72 strung through the eyes of the bond-irons, after which the flue-opening is filled with cement. With this structure tent by the tie-rods.

In chimney or flue structures, such as that shown in Fig. struction is carried out. The tile-pieces 51 and 52 are constructed with one branchof the bond-iron inserted in the tile, with one branch extending out fromthe tile and in a direction to meet and overlap the corresponding arm from the oppositely-placed tile. The eyes 43and 44 and 45 and 46 are on the inside face of the tile and are left enable the tile to be strung on the rods 49, and 50.

The flue is completed by filling in with plastic material that part of the wall structure of the flue which covers the lapping ends 41 and 311 of the bonding device- The forms of wall construction and column construction shown are shown as ex amples ofthe manner of using the combined tie-rod and bending; device which forms the subject of this invention. that the spreading or bending of the arms 9 1O 11 12 should correspond with the work with which the bond is to be used and that the special form shown in the illustrations accompanying this specification only illustrate a few of the many forms to which they may be bent. It is also obvious that the invention is not to be confined to a bondiron with four branches or witlrsix branches or any specific number of branches, but that the essential features of the invention are comprised in a bond-iron adjustable on or that can be arranged along a tie-rod either close together or in scattered rel anon, as may be desired or required.

It is also obvious that at times it may be desirable. to use a single-ended bond-iron, ig. 8, formed by bending the parts (Z c f to form the eye and spreading the parts a b c.

What I claim is 1. A. metallic bond for concrete reinforcement comprising a relatively llat metallic strip constituting a body portion, the same eing provided with a loop intermediate the edges of the strip, a tie-rod in said loop. and an arm extendin from said body portion.

2. A metallic bond for concrete reini'orcenient comprising a relatively flat metallic strip constituting a body portion. the same being provided with a loop inierniediaie its the crushing weight of. the wall may be sustained to a very large eX 7, a similar process of 0011-.

It is apparentfree to l i l l l l g l 1 edges, a tie-rod in said loop, and said strip being slitted and bent to form arms radiating from said body portion at an angle thereto and to the tie-rod.

3. In a concrete beam structure, the combination with an enveloping mass, of a ce1nentitious nature, of a sion resisting bar and a bond-piece engagin about the same intermediate its length, the bond comprising a body portion having intermediate its edges a loop through which passes the said bar, and a plurality of arms radiating from said body portion at an angle thereto and lying transversely of the line of the strain on the structure.

4. A unitary ment comprising a sheet-metal blank having its body portion slit longitudinally and the parts thus separated bent away from one another, and arms radiating therefrom and bent at an angle to said body portion, substantially as described.

5. As a new sheet-metal bond for concrete reinforcement comprising a blank having its middle portion slit longitudinally and the parts thus separated bent away from one another, and its end portions slit longitudinally and bent at an angle to the middle portion," substantially as described.

6. Means for concrete reinforcement, comprising a blank pierced with a plurality of series of slits and with the alternate portions of metal separated by theslits of one series bent in opposite directions, and with the arms separated from one another by the other series of slits bent at an angle to the portion traversed by the first-named series of slits, substantially as described.

7. Ina concrete beam structure, the combination with entitious nature, a unitary comprising a sheet-metal blank having its body portion. slit longitudinally and the parts thus separated bent away from one another, arms radiating therefrom and bent at an angle to said body portion, and a tension and compression resisting bar having connection with said body portionv of the bond.

Means for reinforcing concrete comprisinga tie-rod and a bond-piece carried thereby. the-same comprising a body portion bond therefor tension and con1pres bond for concrete reinforcearticle of manufacture,

an enveloping mass of a cem-- 

